Insect Control

Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae)

Green peach aphid overwinters in the egg stage on woody plants in the Prunus species (peach, wild cherry, etc.), where nymphs feed in spring. Field vegetable crops are colonized in June by winged females who produce live young (nymphs), resulting in multiple generations of wingless females. Generation time from birth to reproductive adult is 1-2 weeks depending on temperature. Each female produces 30-80 live young. If food quality declines, winged females develop and leave in search of new plants. In fall, both male and female winged aphids develop and return to woody plants to mate and lay eggs.

Winged green peach aphids have a black head and thorax and yellow-green abdomen. Wingless adults and nymphs are usually pale yellow-green including the cornicles (a pair of tubes near the tip of the abdomen) but may be pink. Adults reach 2 mm long. Aphids feed on leaves and excrete a sugary, sticky substance called "honeydew" which coats fruit and fosters growth of black sooty mold fungus.

Numerous crop families (including solanaceous crops, cucurbits, brassicas, and crops in the spinach and carrot families), as well as broadleaf weeds, support green peach aphid. Feeding on young tissue causes curling, wilting, reduced growth, and contamination of harvested crops by the aphids themselves. The major damage caused by this aphid is the transmission of many different plant viruses. It is also a pest in greenhouses; see Vegetable Transplant Production and Greenhouse Tomato for greenhouse management.

Aphids are usually controlled on peppers by natural predators and parasites, including lady beetles, lacewings, spiders, syrphid fly larvae, wasps, and beneficial fungi, unless the populations of these beneficials are disrupted by chemical sprays. Preserve natural enemies by using selective/microbial pesticides for other pests whenever possible. Populations of green peach aphid, or less commonly, melon aphid and potato aphid, occasionally build up and require controls. Early-season, broad-spectrum sprays will kill beneficials and lead to aphid population buildup.

Begin to examine plants in early July for aphids and the presence of beneficial species. Spray only when aphids are increasing and building up to high numbers. Treat at 5- to 7-day intervals if aphid numbers exceed 10 per leaf before fruit set, and 5 per leaf after fruit set. Coverage of leaf underside is important. Add a spreader-sticker. Plant crops away from Prunus spp. Spray effectiveness may vary depending upon the species present. Reflective plastic mulch repels aphids as long as 50% of the surface area is reflective. Even black plastic mulch has been shown to reduce aphid numbers compared with bare-ground culture.

IRAC Group 1:

• acephate (Orthene 97): 0.5 lb/A non-bell types, 0.5 to 1 lb/A bell types; PHI 7d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 1B. Green peach aphid only on bell types. 
• dimethoate (Dimethoate 4EC): 0.5 to 0.66 pt/A; PHI 0d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1B. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops.
• malathion (Malathion 57 EC): 1.25 to 1.5 pt/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 1B.
• methomyl (Lannate* LV): 1.5 to 3 pt/A; PHI 3d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A. Green peach aphid only.
• oxamyl (Vydate* L): 2 to 4 pt/A; PHI 7d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A. For foliar and drip chemigation or soil injection applications. For green peach aphid.

IRAC Group 3:

• alpha-cypermethrin (Fastac* CS): 3.2 to 3.8 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. See resistance statement on label. Aphid control may be variable depending on species present and host-plant relationships.
• fenpropathrin (Danitol* 2.4EC): 10.66 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 24h, Bee: H. May be combined with Belay (see label for rates and increased PHI).
• gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 5d, REI 48h, Bee: H. See resistance statement on label. Suppression only.
• pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0^OG): 4.5 to 17 oz/A; 0.25 to 0.50 oz/gal, 3 gal/1000 sq ft in greenhouse for backpack sprayers; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M.

IRAC Group 4:

• acetamiprid (Assail 30SG): 2 to 4 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 4A. 
• dinotefuran (Safari 20SG): 3.5 to 7 oz/100 gal; 7 to 14 oz/A; 0.16 to 0.32 oz/1000 sq ft.; REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. For use on transplants while in greenhouse. Not for field use.
• dinotefuran (Venom): 1 to 4 oz/A foliar, 5 to 7.5 oz/A soil; PHI 1d foliar, 21d soil, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Do not apply to vegetables grown for seed. Suppression only. 
• flupyradifurone (Sivanto): 10.5 to 14 oz/A foliar, 21 to 28 oz/A soil, 0.34 oz/10,000 plants for seedling transplants in greenhouse (tray drench); PHI 1d foliar, 45d soil and greenhouse, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group 4D.
• imidacloprid (Admire Pro): 1.3 to 2.2 oz/A foliar, 7 to 14 oz/A soil, 0.44 oz/10,000 plants on seedling transplants in greenhouse; PHI 0d foliar, 21d soil, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. 
• sulfoxaflor (Closer SC): 1.5 to 2 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4C. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops, including seedlings grown for transplant.
• thiamethoxam (Actara): 2 to 3 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops.
• thiamethoxam (Platinum 75SG): 1.66 to 3.67 oz/A; PHI 30d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Systemic insecticide used at planting. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops.

IRAC Group 8:

• sodium tetraborohydrate decahydrate (Prev-AM): 100 oz/100 gal; REI 24h, Bee: L, Group 8D. Do not apply in midday sun or mix with copper.

IRAC Group 9:

• afidopyropen (Sefina): 3 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9D. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops. 
• pymetrozine (Fulfill): 2.75 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9B. Translaminar. Green peach and potato aphids only. 

IRAC Group 21:

• tolfenpyrad (Torac): 17 to 21 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.

IRAC Group 23:

• spirotetramat (Movento): 4 to 5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: M. Must be tank-mixed with a spray adjuvant with spreading and penetrating properties to maximize leaf uptake and systemicity. Don't use sticker adjuvants. Controls immature stages, may also reduce adult fertility. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops.

IRAC Group 28:

• cyantraniliprole (Exirel): 13.5 to 20.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. For best performance, use with an effective adjuvant. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops. 
• cyantraniliprole (Verimark): 6.75 to 13.5 oz/A at planting, 6.75 to 10 oz/A chemigation/soil injection; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops. Suppression only.

IRAC Group 29:

• flonicamid (Beleaf 50SG): 2.8 to 4.28 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L. 

IRAC Group UN:

• Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 (Grandevo^OG): 2 to 3 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M.
• insecticidal soap (M-Pede^OG): 1.25 to 2.5 oz/gal water; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Apply with a labeled companion insecticide on green peach aphid. Do not mix with sulfur. 
• mineral oil (SuffOil-X^OG): 1 to 2 gal/100 gal water; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply as needed.

Black Cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon)

Black cutworm is the most common of the many cutworm species that damage vegetables in New England. Adults are night-flying tan and black moths, while the caterpillars are dark-grey to black and up to 2" long. Moths from the South arrive between March and June. Eggs are laid mostly on grasses and winter annual weeds. Certain fields tend to have a history of repeated cutworm damage. The larvae feed after dark and hide under the soil surface adjacent to the plant stem during the day. There are 2-3 generations per year but only the first generation, which produces larvae in May and June, damages seedling peppers. Leaf feeding by small larvae is common and generally unimportant, as plants compensate for leaf area lost as they grow. On rare occasions, sometimes after the soil is saturated, larger larvae switch from leaf feeding to cutting stems off near the soil line.

Ground beetles, parasitic flies and wasps, and other generalist predators help reduce populations. When peppers follow sod/hay in rotation, fall-plowing may lower cutworm populations by reducing spring egg-laying sites. Plantings on plastic mulch experience less cutworm damage, while weedy or reduced-till fields tend to suffer greater damage. Hardening seedlings before transplanting toughens stems and reduces damage.

Adults can be monitored with a yellow and white Unitrap and pheromone lure from March through May. Trapping should begin with the earliest warm nights when daily average temperatures exceed 50ºF. A catch of over 40 moths before transplanting indicates that frequent June scouting is prudent. The first cutworm damage may be expected about 375 growing degree days (GDDs) base 50ºF after the first early peak of moth activity. GDDs can be monitored online (www.newa.cornell.edu). Scout problem fields once or twice weekly, checking at least 100 plants for leaf feeding and cut stems, especially near field margins. Spot spray heavily damaged areas or edges of the field if 1-2% of the plants have been cut down. For best results, make application between midnight and dawn while cutworms are feeding aboveground.

IRAC Group 1:

• carbaryl (10% Sevin Granules): 20 lb/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 1A. Apply evenly over soil surface.

IRAC Group 3:

• alpha-cypermethrin (Fastac* CS): 2.2 to 3.8 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• deltamethrin (Delta Gold*): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 0.77 to 1.28 oz/A; PHI 5d, REI 48h, Bee: H.
• lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 0.96 to 1.6 oz/A; PHI 5d, REI 24h, Bee: H.
• permethrin (Pounce* 25WP): 6.4 to 12.8 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Bell peppers only.
• zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang* Maxx): 2.24 to 4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.

IRAC Group 5:

• spinosad (Seduce^OG): 20 to 44 lb/A, 0.5 to1 lb/1000 sq ft.; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: M. Spread bait on soil around plants.

IRAC Group 18:

• tebufenozide (Confirm 2F): 6 to 8 oz/A early season on young plants, 8 to 16 oz/A mid- to late-season; PHI 7d, REI 4h, Bee: L. 

European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) and Other Caterpillars

In northern New England, European corn borer (ECB) has a single flight in mid- to late summer and sprays should coincide with this flight. In southern and central New England, ECB has two generations and generally does not become a pest in peppers until the appearance of the second generation in late July or August. Apply insecticides when second generation moths become active. Check state sweet corn IPM reports for flight activity, or use pheromone traps for monitoring adult flight activity. Insect development, based on temperatures near your farm, can be monitored online (www.newa.cornell.edu). Make first application 1 week after moth count equals or exceeds 7 moths per week and fruit are present on the plants. Discontinue sprays 1 week after moth counts drop below 21 moths per week. The spray interval depends on the residual period of the insecticide used as well as weather conditions and pest pressure. Use shorter spray intervals during peak flights and while pheromone trap catches exceed 150 moths per trap. Choose selective/microbial products whenever possible to preserve beneficials and reduce the chance of aphid outbreaks. Pyrethroids may cause aphid outbreaks by eliminating their natural enemies. See Sweet Corn for more details on ECB life cycle.

Foliage-feeding caterpillars such as armyworms and hornworms rarely reach pest status on peppers in New England. Tomato hornworms (Manduca quinquemaculata) or tobacco hornworms (Manduca sexta) occasionally feed in pepper, causing leaf damage and leaving bare stalks in the canopy. Fall armyworms (FAW) occasionally infest pepper foliage and fruit in August and September when preferred stages of sweet corn (whorl and pre-tassel) are no longer available and pheromone traps capture more than 90 or 100 moths per week. Most products listed for ECB will also control these caterpillars. Orthene will not control fall armyworm. A few products are labeled for armyworms or hornworms only as noted below. 

IRAC Group 1:

• acephate (Orthene 97): 0.5 to 1 lb/A cabbage looper and hornworm; 0.75 to 1 lb/A ECB; PHI 7d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 1B. Bell type only. Will not control FAW.
• methomyl (Lannate* LV): 1.5 to 3 pt/A; PHI 3d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A. Use high rate for ECB. Short residual.

IRAC Group 3:

• alpha-cypermethrin (Fastac* CS): 2.2 to 3.8 oz/A ECB and others; 3.2 to 3.8 oz/A looper, beet armyworm and FAW; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid* XL): 1.6 to 2.8 oz/A ECB, tomato fruitworm, tomato hornworm; 2.1 to 2.8 oz/A cabbage looper and armyworm; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• deltamethrin (Delta Gold*): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• esfenvalerate (Asana* XL): 5.8 to 9.6 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H. 
• gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A ECB, armyworms, tomato fruitworm, and others; 0.77 to 1.28 cabbage looper and hornworms; PHI 5d, REI 48h, Bee: H. For control before ECB larvae bore into the plant stalk or fruit. For control of 1st and 2nd armyworm instars. 
• lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 0.96 to 1.6 oz/A hornworm and cabbage looper; 1.28 to 1.92 oz/A ECB and other caterpillars; PHI 5d, REI 24h, Bee: H. For ECB, apply before larvae bore into plant stalk or fruit. For control of 1st and 2nd armyworm instars.
• permethrin (Pounce* 25WP): 12.8 oz/A ECB; 6.4 to 12.8 oz/A other caterpillars; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Bell peppers only.
• pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0^OG): 4.5 to 17 oz/A; 0.25 to 0.50 oz/gal, 3 gal/1000 sq ft in greenhouse for backpack sprayers; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M. Not for ECB.
• zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang* Maxx): 2.24 to 4 oz/A ECB, hornworm, tomato fruitworm, and others; 3.2 to 4 oz/A FAW, beet armyworm, cabbage looper; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.

IRAC Group 5:

• spinetoram (Radiant SC): 5 to 10 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: M.
• spinosad (Entrust SC^OG): 3 to 6 oz/A ECB and others; 4 to 8 oz/A armyworms; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: M. Do not apply to seedlings for transplant.

IRAC Group 6:

• emamectin benzoate (Proclaim*): 2.4 to 4.8 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Apply when larvae are first observed. Not for European corn borer.

IRAC Group 8:

• cryolite (Prokil Cryolite): 8 to 12 lb/A; PHI 14d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 8C. For armyworm, cabbage looper, and hornworms.

IRAC Group 11:

• Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai (XenTari^OG): 0.5 to 1.5 lb/A except 0.5 to 2 lb/A armyworms; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Must be ingested. For resistance management, may be rotated with Bt kurstaki products (Dipel).
• Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Dipel DF^OG): 0.5 to 2 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Must be ingested. For resistance management, may be rotated with Bt aizawai products (XenTari).

IRAC Group 15:

• diflubenzuron (Dimilin* 25W): 4 to 8 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Apply when larvae are small for greater control.
• novaluron (Rimon 0.83EC): 9 to 12 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Most effective on 1st and 2nd instars.

IRAC Group 18:

• methoxyfenozide (Intrepid 2F): 4 to 8 oz/A early season on young plants, 8 to 16 oz/A mid- to late-season; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Suppression only for tomato fruitworm. 
• tebufenozide (Confirm 2F): 6 to 8 oz/A early season on young plants, 8 to16 oz/A mid- to late-season; PHI 7d, REI 4h, Bee: L. 

IRAC Group 22:

• indoxacarb (Avaunt): 2.5 to 3.5 oz/A hornworms and loopers; 3.5 oz/A ECB and other caterpillars; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Bell peppers only for ECB control.

IRAC Group 28:

• chlorantraniliprole (Coragen): 3.5 to 7.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: L. May be applied to soil at planting (not for European corn borer), through chemigation and as a foliar spray. 
• cyantraniliprole (Exirel): 7 to 13.5 oz/A ECB and other caterpillars; 10 to 17 oz/A loopers; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• cyantraniliprole (Verimark): 5 to 10 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H. For soil applications at planting, drip chemigation, or soil injection. Rates vary for different species (see label). Use high rate for ECB and only chemigation or soil injection for ECB.
• cyclaniliprole (Harvanta 50SL): 10.9 to 16.4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H.

IRAC Group UN:

• Burkholderia spp. strain A396 (Venerate XC^OG): 1 to 4 qt/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M.
• Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 (Grandevo^OG): 1 to 3 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M.

Pepper Maggot (Zonosemata electa)

Pepper maggots are found throughout southern New England, including southern NH. Flies have banded wings and three yellow stripes on their back. Eggs are laid within the flesh of the fruit, and maggots tunnel into the placenta (seed head) or sidewalls before exiting to drop to the soil to pupate. Exit holes, present in late August or early September, provide entry sites for soft rot bacteria. Monitor fruits of pepper plants adjacent to tree lines for oviposition (egg-laying) scars weekly during July. An oviposition scar appears as a pinpoint white scar in the middle of a shallow, indented area on the surface of the pepper fruit. Scars are particularly obvious on the high-gloss surface of cherry peppers, which can be used as indicator plants if located in outer rows along field margins. Yellow sticky-traps baited with a vial of 28% ammonium hydroxide may be used to capture adult flies if hung in nearby trees. Traps are most reliable when hung about 20' high, within the canopy of maple trees bordering the field. Make 2-3 applications at 5- to 10-day intervals beginning 1 week after oviposition scars are detected or when the first fly is captured. Avoid sites with horse nettle, which serves as an alternate host. Perimeter trap cropping: spot sprays limited to cherry pepper plants in row(s) surrounding main pepper crop will control this pest and spare beneficials throughout most of the field. Note: Use of selective materials for managing ECB (IGRs, spinosad, or Bacillus thuringiensis) will not control pepper maggots. Use of Orthene at 8- to 10-day intervals for aphids or ECB during mid- to late July and early August will control pepper maggots. The solid spinosad bait, Seduce, has produced mixed results.

IRAC Group 1:

• dimethoate (Dimethoate 4EC): 0.5 to 0.66 pt/A; PHI 0d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1B.
• malathion (Malathion 57 EC): 2.5 pt/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 1B.

IRAC Group 3:

• alpha-cypermethrin (Fastac* CS): 2.2 to 3.8 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Adult control only.
• zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang* Maxx): 2.24 to 4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Adults only.

IRAC Group 5:

• spinosad (GF-120 Naturalyte^OG): 10 to 20 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M. Begin applications as soon as monitoring indicates flies are present. Use with perimeter trap cropping for best efficacy.

Stink Bugs

See Tomato section for information on stink bugs, including brown marmorated stink bug.

IRAC Group 1:

• methomyl (Lannate* LV): 1.5 to 3 pt/A; PHI 3d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A. For brown marmorated stink bug. 
• oxamyl (Vydate* L): 1.5 to 4 pt/A; PHI 7d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A. Apply once when insect populations are at threshold and repeat at 5- to 7-day intervals as needed. For brown marmorated stink bug. 

IRAC Group 3:

• beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid* XL): 1.6 to 2.8 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• deltamethrin (Delta Gold*): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• fenpropathrin (Danitol* 2.4EC): 10.66 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 24h, Bee: H. Must be combined with Belay to control brown stink bugs only (see label for rates and increased PHI).
• gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 5d, REI 48h, Bee: H.
• lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 1.28 to 1.92 oz/A; PHI 5d, REI 24h, Bee: H.
• pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0^OG): 4.5 to 17 oz/A; 0.25 to 0.50 oz/gal, 3 gal/1000 sq ft in greenhouse for backpack sprayers; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M.
• zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang* Maxx): 2.24 to 4 oz/A green stink bug, 3.2 to 4 oz/A brown stink bug; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. 

IRAC Group 4:

• dinotefuran (Venom): 1 to 4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Foliar applications only. Do not apply to vegetables grown for seed. For brown, consperse, green, and Southern green stink bugs only. 
• thiamethoxam (Actara): 3 to 5.5 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A.

IRAC Group 15:

• novaluron (Rimon 0.83EC): 12 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Most effective on early nymphs.

Thrips and Mites

Thrips and mites are most commonly pests of pepper in greenhouses and high tunnels. Refer to the Transplant Insect and Mite Management section for more information about greenhouse pests, including Table 19 for biological control guidelines and Table 21 about insecticides labeled for vegetable transplants in the greenhouse. Note that some of the products listed in these tables are only labeled for transplants, not crops to be sold such as greenhouse tomatoes.

IRAC Group 1:

• oxamyl (Vydate* L): 2 to 4 pt/A; PHI 7d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A. For foliar and drip chemigation or soil injection applications. Thrips only.

IRAC Group 3:

• alpha-cypermethrin (Fastac* CS): 3.2 to 3.8 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. See resistance statement on label. Aids in control. Thrips only. 
• beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid* XL): 2.1 to 2.8 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Thrips only.
• bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A thrips, 5.1 to 6.4 oz/A mites; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• deltamethrin (Delta Gold*): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Thrips only.
• fenpropathrin (Danitol* 2.4EC): 10.66 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 24h, Bee: H. Two-spotted spider mite only.
• gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 5d, REI 48h, Bee: H. See resistance statement on label for thrips. Not for western flower thrips. Suppression only for mites.
• lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 1.28 to 1.92 oz/A; PHI 5d, REI 24h, Bee: H. Not for western flower thrips. Suppression only on mites.
• pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0^OG): 4.5 to 15.61 oz/A; 0.25 to 0.50 oz/gal, 3 gal/1000 sq ft in greenhouse for backpack sprayers; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M.
• zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang* Maxx): 3.2 to 4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. See resistance statement on label. Aids in control. Thrips only.

IRAC Group 4:

• acetamiprid (Assail 30SG): 4 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 4A. Thrips only. 
• dinotefuran (Safari 20SG): 3.5 to 7 oz/100 gal, 7 to 14 oz/A, 0.16 to 0.32 oz/1000 sq ft.; REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. For use on transplants only, while in greenhouse. Not for field use. Suppression of thrips only. 
• dinotefuran (Venom): 1 to 4 oz/A foliar, 5 to 7.5 oz/A soil; PHI 1d foliar, 21d soil, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Do not apply to vegetables grown for seed. Thrips only.
• sulfoxaflor (Closer SC): 4.25 to 4.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4C. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops. Suppression of thrips only.

IRAC Group 5:

• spinetoram (Radiant SC): 6 to 10 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: M. Control may be improved with the addition of an adjuvant. Do not apply to seedlings for transplant. Thrips only. 
• spinosad (Entrust SC^OG): 4 to 8 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: M. Control may be improved with the addition of an adjuvant. Do not apply to seedlings for transplant. Thrips only. 

IRAC Group 6:

•  abamectin (Agri-Mek* SC): 1.75 to 3.5 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H. 

IRAC Group 8:

• sodium tetraborohydrate decahydrate (Prev-AM): 50 oz/100 gal; REI 24h, Bee: L, Group 8D. Do not apply in midday sun or mix with copper. Mites only.

IRAC Group 20:

• acequinocyl (Kanemite 15SC): 31 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 20B. Spider mite and broad mite only. 
• bifenazate (Acramite 50WS): 0.75 to 1 lb/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 20D. Long residual. Mites only.

IRAC Group 21:

• fenpyroximate (Portal XLO): 2 pt/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Mites only. 

IRAC Group 23:

• spiromesifen (Oberon 2SC): 8.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: M. Mites only.
• spirotetramat (Movento): 4 to 5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: M. Must be tank-mixed with a spray adjuvant with spreading and penetrating properties to maximize leaf uptake and systemicity. Don't use sticker adjuvants. Controls immature stages. Do not use in greenhouses or high tunnels. For control of tomato russet and broad mites. Suppression of two-spotted spider mite and thrips.

IRAC Group 28:

• cyantraniliprole (Exirel): 13.5 to 20.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. Do not apply to greenhouse or tunnel crops. Suppression of thrips only.
• cyantraniliprole (Verimark): 10 to 13.5 oz/A at planting, 10 oz/A chemigation/soil injection; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H. Do not apply to greenhouse or high tunnel crops. Suppression for thrips only.
• cyclaniliprole (Harvanta): 10.9 to 16.4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops. Suppression of western flower thrips only. 

IRAC Group UN:

• Chenopodium extract (Requiem EC): 2 to 4 qts/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Thrips only.
• Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 (Grandevo^OG): 2 to 3 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M.
• insecticidal soap (M-Pede^OG): 1.25 to 5 oz/gal water; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L. For enhanced and residual control, apply with a companion labeled insecticide. Do not mix with sulfur. 
• kaolin (Surround WP^OG): 12.5 to 50 lb/A (12.5 lb/25 gal preferred up to fruit set), 0.125 to 0.5 lb/gal; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Suppression of thrips only. Supplemental controls may be needed for complete control. For fresh-market, apply only up to 1/4 of fruit size unless washing capabilities are sufficient. 
• Metarhizium anisopliae Strain F52 (Met 52 EC): 40 to 80 oz/100 gal drench, 8 to 64 oz/A foliar; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L.
• mineral oil (SuffOil-X^OG): 1 to 2 gal/100 gal water; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply as needed.
• sulfur (Microthiol Disperss^OG): 3 to 10 lb/A; REI 24h, Bee: L. Apply at early leaf stage. Broad mite and red spider mite only. 

Whiteflies

See whiteflies in the Tomato section for more information.

IRAC Group 3:

• alpha-cypermethrin (Fastac* CS): 3.2 to 3.8 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. See resistance statement on label. Aids in control. 
• bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H.
• gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 5d, REI 48h, Bee: H. See resistance statement on label. Suppression only.
• pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0^OG): 4.5 to 15.61 oz/A; 0.25 to 0.50 oz/gal, 3 gal/1000 sq ft in greenhouse for backpack sprayers; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M.

IRAC Group 4:

• acetamiprid (Assail 30SG): 2.5 to 4 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 4A. 
• dinotefuran (Safari 20SG): 3.5 to 7 oz/100 gal, 7 to 14 oz/A, 0.16 to 0.32 oz/1000 sq ft.; REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. For use on transplants only, while in greenhouse. Not for field use.
• dinotefuran (Venom ): 1 to 4 oz/A foliar, 5 to 7.5 oz/A soil; PHI 1d foliar, 21d soil, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Do not apply to vegetables grown for seed.
• flupyradifurone (Sivanto): 10.5 to 14 oz/A foliar, 21 to 28 oz/A soil; PHI 1d foliar, 45d soil, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group 4D.
• imidacloprid (Admire Pro): 1.3 to 2.2 oz/A foliar, 7 to 14 oz/A soil, 0.44 oz/10,000 plants on seedling transplants in greenhouse; PHI 0d foliar, 21d soil, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. 
• sulfoxaflor (Closer SC): 4.25 to 4.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4C. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops.
• thiamethoxam (Actara): 3 to 5.5 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops.
• thiamethoxam (Platinum 75SG): 1.66 to 3.67 oz/A; PHI 30d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Systemic insecticide used at planting.

IRAC Group 7:

• pyriproxyfen (Knack): 8 to 10 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 7C. Apply when threshold levels are reached. Higher water volumes provide improved control.

IRAC Group 8:

• sodium tetraborohydrate decahydrate (Prev-AM): 50 oz/100 gal; REI 24h, Bee: L, Group 8D. Do not apply in midday sun or mix with copper.

IRAC Group 9:

• afidopyropen (Sefina): 14 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9D. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops.
• pymetrozine (Fulfill): 2.75 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9B. Translaminar. Suppression only. 

IRAC Group 21:

• fenpyroximate (Portal XLO): 2 pt/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: L.

IRAC Group 23:

• spiromesifen (Oberon 2SC): 8.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: M. Effective against egg and immature stages.
• spirotetramat (Movento): 4 to 5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: M. Must be tank-mixed with a spray adjuvant with spreading and penetrating properties to maximize leaf uptake and systemicity. Don't use sticker adjuvants. Controls immature stages, may also reduce adult fertility. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops.

IRAC Group 28:

• cyantraniliprole (Exirel): 13.5 to 20.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H. In greenhouses or high tunnels, for use on pepper plants being grown to harvest only. Do not apply to plants grown for transplanting. For best performance, use with an effective adjuvant.
• cyantraniliprole (Verimark): 6.75 to 13.5 oz/A at planting, 6.75 to 10 oz/A chemigation/soil injection; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H. Do not use on greenhouse or high tunnel crops. Allow 1-3 days for control to be translocated into the aerial portions and to fully protect transplants following an at-plant application. Allow 2-5 days following drip application.

IRAC Group 29:

• flonicamid (Beleaf 50SG): 2.8 to 4.28 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Suppression of greenhouse whitefly only.

IRAC Group UN:

• Chenopodium extract (Requiem EC): 2 to 43 qt/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply before pests reach damaging levels. For silverleaf whitefly. 
• Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 (Grandevo^OG): 2 to 3 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M.
• insecticidal soap (M-Pede^OG): 1.25 to 2.5 oz/gal water; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L. For enhanced and residual control, apply with a companion labeled insecticide. Do not mix with sulfur. 
• Metarhizium anisopliae Strain F52 (Met 52 EC): 40 to 80 oz/100 gal drench, 8 to 64 oz/A foliar; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L.
• mineral oil (SuffOil-X^OG): 1 to 2 gal/100 gal water; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply as needed.