Insect Control : New England Vegetable Management Guide : UMass Amherst

NOTES: For the insecticides listed below, one product trade name and formulation is provided for each active ingredient (AI) as an example of rates, preharvest interval (PHI), restricted entry interval (REI), and special instructions. In many cases, there are other products available with the same AI. Please see Table 27 and Insecticides Alphabetical Listing by Trade Name for more information on these insecticides.

The designation (Bee: L, M, or H) indicates a bee toxicity rating of low, moderate, or high. See the Protecting Honeybees and Native Pollinators section for more details.

The symbol * indicates a product is a restricted use pesticide. See Pesticide Safety and Use for more details.

The symbol ^OGindicates a product is listed by the Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) as approved for use in organic production. See Organic Certification section for more details.

Caution: Insecticides should not be applied when bees are active in the field. Avoid products with high or moderate bee toxicity during bloom. If application of an insecticide is necessary while the crop is blooming, select products with low bee toxicity or with short residual period; apply in the evening after the bees have left the field. See Protecting Honeybees and Native Pollinators or more suggestions on how to avoid harmful effects on pollinators.

Aphids, Green Peach (Myzus persicae) and Melon (Aphis gossypii)

Aphids found in cucurbits include green peach aphid and melon aphid. For more information on these aphids, see the green peach aphid in the insect control section of Pepper and the melon aphid in the insect control section of Cucumber.

Scout weekly for aphids by inspecting the underside of 5 fully grown leaves at each of 10 sites per field. Note what proportion of leaves have 5 or more aphids and treat if 20% of leaves have 5 or more aphids per leaf and the population is increasing. Pumpkin, gourd and squash varieties differ in attractiveness to aphids. Spot treatment of susceptible varieties may be appropriate. Use selective products to conserve beneficials that suppress aphids. During bloom, avoid products that are toxic to bees, or treat in the evening after bees stop foraging.

acetamiprid (Assail 30 SG): 2.5 to 4 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 4A.
afidopyropen (Sefina): 3 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9D.
azadirachtin (Azatin O^OG): 4 to 16 oz/A foliar or drench, 4 to 16 oz/100 gal in greenhouses; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee:L, Group UN. When using lower rates, combine with adjuvant for improved spray coverage and translaminar uptake.
bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.6 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 (Grandevo^OG): 2 to 3 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M, Group UN.
cyantraniliprole (Exirel): 13.5 to 20.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 28. For best performance, use with an efective adjuvant.
cyantraniliprole (Verimark): 6.75 to 13.5 oz/A melon aphid and 10 to 13.5 oz/A green peach aphid at planting, 6.75 to 10 oz/A melon aphid and 10 oz/A green peach aphid chemigation; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H, Group 28. For soil applications at planting, or drip chemigation during the first half of the crop growing cycle.
cyclaniliprole (Harvanta): 10.9 to 16.4 fl oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H, Group 28. For best results, use with an effective adjuvant. Use the high labeled rate for best performance. Melon aphid only.
dinotefuran (Safari 20SG): 3.5 to 7 oz/100 gal, 7 to 14 oz/A, 0.16 to 0.32 oz/sq ft.; REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Squash transplants only, while in greenhouse. Not for use on field or greenhouse grown crops.
dinotefuran (Venom): 1 to 4 dry oz/A foliar or 5 to 7.5 dry oz/A soil; PHI 1d foliar, 21d soil, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Soil application may be as a band during bedding, in-furrow at seeding, transplant or post-seeding drench, sidedress or through drip. Do not apply to vegetables grown for seed. Suppression only.
fenpropathrin (Danitol* 2.4EC): 10.66 to 16 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3. May be combined with Belay (see label for rates and increased PHI). Do not apply during bloom or if bees are actively foraging.
flonicamid (Beleaf 50SG): 2 to 2.8 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9C.
flupyradifurone (Sivanto): 7 to 12 oz/A foliar, 21 to 28 oz/A soil; PHI 1d foliar, 21d soil, REI 4h, Bee:L, Group 4D.
gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.54 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
imidacloprid (Admire Pro): 7 to 10.5 oz/A soil; 0.44 fl oz/10,000 plants on seedling transplants in greenhouse; PHI 21d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Planthouse applications only provide short-term protection. An additional field application must be made within 2 weeks following transplanting to provide continuous protection. Not for foliar applications.
insecticidal soap (M-Pede^OG): 1.25 to 2.5 oz/gal water; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Spray to wet all infested plant surfaces. May require repeated applications. Apply with a labeled companion insecticide on green peach aphids. On other aphids, use of a companion insecticide is recommended for enhanced and residual control.
lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 1.92 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
malathion (Malathion 57EC): 1.5 pt/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h for winter squash and pumpkin, 24h for summer squash, Bee: H, Group 1B.
methomyl (Lannate* LV): 1.5 to 3 pt/A; PHI 1d for 1.5 pt/A, PHI 3d for over 1.5 pt/A, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A. For summer squash and other "soft" squash that is harvested and consumed when immature only. For melon aphid.
oxamyl (Vydate* L): 2 to 4 pt/A; PHI 1d, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A.
petroleum oil (Suffoil X^OG): 1 to 2 gal/100 gal water; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply as needed. For pumpkin and squash only.
pymetrozine (Fulfill): 2.75 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9A. Selective control of aphids including melon and green peach aphid. Translaminar. Apply before populations build up.
pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0^OG): 4.5 to 17 oz/A; 0.25 to 0.50 oz/gal, 3 gal/1000 sq ft in greenhouse for backpack sprayers; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee:M, Group 3A.
sodium tetraborohydrate decahydrate (Prev-AM): 100 oz/100 gal; REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 25. Do not apply in midday sun or mix with copper, sulfur or oils.
thiamethoxam (Platinum): 5 to 11 oz/A; PHI 30d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4. Systemic insecticide used as an in-furrow, banded, drench, or drip irrigation application to the seed/seedling root zone during or after planting/transplanting operations.
tolfenpyrad (Torac): 17 to 21 fl oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 21A.

Cucumber Beetle, Striped (Acalymma vittatum) and Spotted (Diabrotica undecimpunctata)

See the insect section of Cucumber for more information on cucumber beetle life cycle and cultural management. In pumpkin and squash, manage striped cucumber beetle to prevent losses from direct feeding damage as well as from bacterial wilt vectored by beetle feeding. The most susceptible period is from crop emergence to the 5 true-leaf stage. Scout at least 25 plants to monitor the number of beetles and damage. An action threshold of 1 to 2 beetles per plant is recommended; use the higher threshold for crops with vigorous early growth and lower susceptibility to wilt, such as butternut and pumpkin, and the lower threshold for summer squash. At later growth stages, the crop should be treated if there is significant damage to fruit. Fruit feeding by adult beetles may occur late in the season especially on pumpkin. Where possible, avoid insecticide applications during flowering to protect bees; if sprays are needed, treat after dark when bees are no longer foraging and use products that have low impact on bees. If multiple treatments are needed, rotate to a product with a different mode of action.

Perimeter trap cropping has been shown to reduce or eliminate main crop sprays while providing effective control of beetles. Plant 1 or 2 rows of Blue Hubbard, buttercup squash or another Cucurbita maxima variety in an unbroken perimeter around the field. Always use 2 rows near woods or last year's fields, and space plants no wider than the between-row spacing that is used in the main crop between-row spacing. These perimeter crops will concentrate incoming beetles in the border because they are generally more attractive to beetles than winter squash, summer squash and pumpkin, which are Cucurbita moschata or Cucurbita pepo types. Note that some specialty pumpkin varieties are Cucurbita maxima types and very attractive to beetles. Do not use a crop that is highly susceptible to bacterial wilt in the border. Beetles should be killed in the border, either by applying foliar insecticide when beetles first arrive or using a systemic insecticide at planting. Scout both borders and main crop to assess beetle numbers. Repeat perimeter-sprays if needed to prevent influx into the main crop, and spray the main field if thresholds are exceeded. Attractive crop types that are planted in rows within the main field also work as trap crops that draw beetles as they move around within the field. These trap crops can be selectively sprayed.

acetamiprid (Assail 30 SG): 2.5 to 5.3 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4.
beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid* XL): 2.4 to 2.8 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.6 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
carbaryl (Sevin XLR Plus): 1 qt/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 1A. Do not apply when foliage is wet. Do not apply to crops or weeds in bloom.
cryolite (Prokil Cryolite): 8 to 16 lb/A; PHI 7d summer squash, 14d pumpkins and winter squash, REI 12h, Bee:L, Group UN.
cyclaniliprole (Harvanta): 10.9 to 16.4 fl oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H, Group 28. Striped cucumbe beetle only.
deltamethrin (Delta Gold*): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
dinotefuran (Venom): 1 to 4 oz/A foliar; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Do not apply to vegetables grown for seed.
esfenvalerate (Asana* XL): 5.8 to 9.6 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A. Adults only.
fenpropathrin (Danitol* 2.4EC): 10.66 to 16 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3. May be combined with Belay (see label for rates and increased PHI). Do not apply during bloom or if bees are actively foraging.
gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee:H, Group 3A. Adults only.
imidacloprid (Admire Pro): 7 to 10.5 oz/A; PHI 21d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Soil applications only.
kaolin (Surround WP^OG): 25 to 50 lb/A or 0.125 to 0.5 lb/gal for backpack sprayer; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Suppression and repellence only. May be applied to transplants prior to setting in field. Use on seedlings and young plants. Product residue may need to be washed off if applied after fruit set. White residue may be minimized if applications stop when fruit is 25% of its expected harvest size. Follow label instructions for mixing. Generally compatible as a tank mix with other insecticides.
lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 1.28 to 1.92 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A. Adults only.
methomyl (Lannate* LV): 1.5 to 3 pt/A; PHI 1d for 1.5 pt/A, PHI 3d for over 1.5 pt/A, REI 48h, Bee: H, Group 1A. For summer squash and other "soft" squash that is harvested and consumed when immature only. For melon aphid.
permethrin (Pounce* 25WP): 6.4 to 12.8 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A. Adults only.
petroleum oil (Suffoil X^OG): 1 to 2 gal/100 gal water; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply as needed. For beetle larvae only. For pumpkin and squash only.
pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0^OG): 4.5 to 17 oz/A; 0.25 to 0.50 oz/gal, 3 gal/1000 sq ft in greenhouse for backpack sprayers; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 3A.
thiamethoxam (Platinum): 5 to 11 oz/A; PHI 30d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4. Systemic insecticide used as an in-furrow, banded, drench, or drip irrigation application to the seed/seedling root zone during or after planting/transplanting or shanked into root zone after transplanting or establishment. Suppression only.
zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 2.8 to 4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A. Adults only.

Cutworms

Caterpillars hide under the soil surface adjacent to the plant stem during the day and feed after dark. Larvae may occasionally cut stems of seedlings. Spot spray heavily damaged sections of the field. For best results, make application between midnight and dawn while cutworms are feeding aboveground. For more information see black and variegated cutworms in insect control sections of Pepper and Tomato (Outdoor).

Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai (XenTari^OG): 0.5 to 2 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group 11. Must be ingested. Apply in evening before larvae are actively feeding and direct sprays to base of stem.
beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid* XL): 0.8 to 1.6 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.6 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 (Grandevo^OG): 1 to 3 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M, Group UN.
deltamethrin (Delta Gold*): 1 to 2.4 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
esfenvalerate (Asana* XL): 5.8 to 9.6 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A. Seedling spray only.
gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 1.28 to 1.92 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
permethrin (Pounce* 25WP): 6.4 to 12.8 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
spinosad (Seduce^OG): 20 to 44 lb/A or 0.5 to1 lb/1000 sq ft.; PHI 3d, REI 4h, Bee: M, Group 5. Spread bait on soil around plants.
zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 1.28 to 4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.

Seedcorn Maggot (Delia platura)

For more information, see seedcorn maggot in the insect control section of Bean.

cyantraniliprole (Verimark): 10 to 13.5 oz/A soil; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: H, Group 28. Apply as in-furrow spray or transplant tray drench no earlier than 72 hours prior to planting in field, or as transplant water treatment, hill drench, or surface band.

Slugs

For more information see slugs in the insect control section of Cabbage.

iron phosphate (Sluggo: Snail and Slug BaitOG): 20 to 44 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 0h, Bee: L, Group 9B. Apply around perimeter, scatter around base of plants, or band down rows. Apply to moist soil in the evening.

Squash Beetle (Epilachna borealis)

Squash beetle is a minor pest of cucurbits, and is generally limited to southern New England. Like its close relative the Mexican bean beetle, it is a leaf-eating member of the ladybeetle family. Adults overwinter in field edges. They have the typical ladybeetle shape and are 8 to 10 mm long, red-orange, with 12 black spots on their wing covers (elytra) and 6 on the thorax. The yellow egg clusters and yellow larvae covered with dark spines may be found on all cucurbit crops, in wild cucurbit weeds, and occasionally on lima bean, cowpea pods, or corn silk. Pupation takes place on the underside of the leaf or in nearby weeds. Feeding by adults and larvae creates round scars in leaves, leaving lacy veins intact. Adults can also produce spiral scars on the fruit which may render them unmarketable. The first generation eggs are plentiful in June, and the life cycle is completed in about 4 to 5 weeks. There is 1 generation per year in New England but 2 farther south. They are not strong fliers, so crop rotation to distant fields helps to limit colonization and populations. However, when production space is limited, they can build up until they become an economic pest. Harrowing down early summer squash and cucumber fields after harvest in July, when the beetles are still in the larval stage, will help limit populations. Row covers can exclude the beetles. In addition to those listed below, several common insecticides that are labeled for other pests of cucurbits will control squash beetle including spinosad, spinetoram, and pyrethrin.

gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 1.28 to 1.92 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
petroleum oil (Suffoil X^OG): 1 to 2 gal/100 gal water; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply as needed. For beetle larvae only. For pumpkin and squash only.

Squash Vine Borer (Melittia cucurbitae)

Squash vine borers (SVB) are day-flying moths, with bright orange markings on their backs and legs. They resemble wasps. Most eggs are laid on the stem within a foot of the soil. Hatching larvae tunnel into the stem and, if plentiful, cause wilting, reduce squash yields or even sever the stem from the roots. In rare cases when populations are very high, larvae may bore into fruit. The large cream-colored larvae are 1" to 1.5" long and 3/8" wide. The pupae survive the winter 1 or 2" deep in the soil. Spring or fall plowing buries pupae deep in the soil and reduces populations. Preferred hosts have thick stems, while thin-stemmed squash tend to be more resistant to attack. Yields of summer squash can be reduced by 33% if infestations exceed 5 larvae per plant. Pumpkins can sustain high infestations without yield reductions. Butternut squash are resistant to SVB. Monitor with a Scentry Heliothis pheromone trap from early June through early August. Make 2 to 4 weekly applications if more than 5 moths per week are captured. Timing is very important. Treat base of stems thoroughly to target hatching larvae. Some selective materials used for other caterpillars in squash, such as spinosyns and Bacillus thuringiensis aizawi, have demonstrated efficacy in trials.

acetamiprid (Assail 30 SG): 5.3 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 4A. Most effective on newly laid eggs and nymphs.
azadirachtin (Azatin O^OG): 4 to 16 oz/A foliar or drench, 4 to 16 oz/100 gal in greenhouses; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee:L, Group UN. When using lower rates, combine with adjuvant for improved spray coverage and translaminar uptake. Use against young larvae before boring or tunneling in the plant.
bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.6 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
esfenvalerate (Asana* XL): 5.8 to 9.6 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 1.28 to 1.92 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 2.8 to 4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.

Squash Bug (Anasa tristis)

Squash bug adults are grayish-brown, hard, flat-backed insects, 0.5" to 0.75" long, with long legs and antennae. Adults often hide around the base of the plant or under plastic mulch and are hard to target with sprays. Eggs are shiny, smooth, reddish-brown and seed-shaped and are usually deposited on the leaves in an organized, neatly-spaced pattern, in groups of 10 to 20. The soft-bodied nymphs are grey with dark-brown or black heads, antennae and legs. Adults survive the winter in natural and artificially-sheltered sites along field margins or under plant debris within fields. Both adults and nymphs have needle-like mouthparts that they use to extract plant juices. The plant vascular system may become clogged, causing the plant to wilt, darken and die. They may also spread cucurbit yellow vine (CYV), a common Southwestern bacterial disease that has been found in a few isolated places in CT and MA.

Among cucurbits, the crops that are most susceptible and attractive to squash bug are yellow summer squash, zucchini, Hubbard, and pumpkin, especially thick-stemmed types. Watermelon, cucumber, muskmelon and butternut resist damage and also provide poor food quality for adult and nymph survival. Squash bugs are greatly reduced by crop rotation at least 1/4 mile from previous cucurbit crops. Clean cultivation also reduces the attractiveness of the crop, while use of mulches and reduced-tillage favors squash bug survival. Keep headlands mowed and free of trash to reduce overwintering sites. Systemic furrow, drip or seed treatments and sprays for cucumber beetle (including bifenthrin) at the seedling stage often control colonizing squash bug adults. Placing row covers at seeding or transplanting prevents access by squash bug until blooming, when covers need to be removed.

Scout undersides of leaves for squash bug adults and eggs and treat if egg masses exceed 1 per plant. Time squash bug sprays to kill young nymphs which are easiest to control. Thorough coverage is necessary. As this often coincides with the bloom period, treat late in the day to reduce risk to bees and select products with lower bee toxicity.

acetamiprid (Assail 30 SG): 5.3 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 4A. Most effective on newly laid eggs and nymphs.
azadirachtin (Azatin O^OG): 4 to 16 oz/A foliar or drench, 4 to 16 oz/100 gal in greenhouses; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group UN. When using lower rates, combine with adjuvant for improved spray coverage and translaminar uptake. Foliar application for squash bug nymphs only.
bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 2.6 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
carbaryl (Sevin XLR Plus): 1 qt/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 1A. Do not apply when foliage is wet. Apply sufficient spray volume for thorough coverage. Time sprays for early morning or late afternoon. Repeated application may cause plant injury.
dinotefuran (Venom): 1 to 4 dry oz/A foliar or 5 to 7.5 dry oz/A soil; PHI 1d foliar, 21d soil, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Do not apply to vegetables grown for seed.
esfenvalerate (Asana* XL): 5.8 to 9.6 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
fenpropathrin (Danitol* 2.4EC): 10.66 to 16 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3. May be combined with Belay (see label for rates and increased PHI). Do not apply during bloom or if bees are actively foraging.
flupyradifurone (Sivanto): 10.5 to 14 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group 4D. Foliar applications only.
gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.02 to 1.54 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee:H, Group 3A.
lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior* II): 1.28 to 1.92 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
permethrin (Pounce* 25WP): 12.8 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 2.8 to 4 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.

Two-spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae)

For more information on biology and management, see the two-spotted spider mite in the insect control section of Eggplant section.

abamectin (Agri-Mek* SC): 1.75 to 3.5 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 6. Must be mixed with a non-ionic wetting, spreading and/or penetrating spray adjuvant. Do not use binder or sticker type adjuvant.
bifenazate (Acramite 50WS): 0.75 to 1 lb/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 25.
bifenthrin (Brigade* 2EC): 5.1 to 6.4 oz/A; PHI 3d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A.
fenpropathrin (Danitol* 2.4EC): 10.66 to 16 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 24, Bee: H, Group 3. Control may be improved with addition of a non-ionic surfactant.
gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.54 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A. Suppression only.
insecticidal soap (M-Pede^OG): 1.25 to 2.5 oz/gal water; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Spray to wet all infested plant surfaces. May require repeated applications. Use of a companion insecticide is recommended for enhanced and residual control.
Metarhizium anisopliae Strain F52 (Met 52 EC): 40 to 80 oz/100 gal (drench), 8 to 64 oz/A (foliar); PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group UN.
neem oil (Trilogy^OG): 1 to 2% solution in 25 to 100 gal water/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M, Group 18. Avoid midday applications and ensure good coverage.
petroleum oil (Suffoil X^OG): 1 to 2 gal/100 gal water; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply as needed. For pumpkin and squash only.
sodium tetraborohydrate decahydrate (Prev-AM): 50 oz/100 gal; REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 25. Do not apply in midday sun or mix with copper, sulfur or oils.
spiromesifen (Oberon 2SC): 7 to 8.5 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 23. Complete coverage is necessary. An adjuvant may be used to improve coverage and control. Effective against egg and immature stages.

Whiteflies

For more information, see whiteflies in insect control section of Tomato, Outdoor.

acetamiprid (Assail 30 SG): 2.5 to 5.3 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 4A. Most effective on newly laid eggs and nymphs.
afidopyropen (Sefina): 14 fl oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9D.
beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid* XL): 2.8 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 3A. Suppression only.
Chenopodium extract (Requiem EC): 2 to 4 qts/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group UN. Apply before pests reach damaging levels.
Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 (Grandevo^OG): 2 to 3 lb/A; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: M, Group UN.
cyantraniliprole (Exirel): 13.5 to 20.5 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 28. For best performance, use with an effective adjuvant.
cyantraniliprole (Verimark): 6.75 to 13.5 oz/A at planting, 10 oz/A chemigation; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: H, Group 28. For soil applications at planting, or drip chemigation during first half of crop growing cycle. Allow 1-3 days for control to be translocated into the aerial portions and to fully protect transplants following an at-plant application. Allow 2-5 days for control to fully protect the plants following a drip application.
dinotefuran (Safari 20SG): 3.5 to 7 oz/100 gal, 7 to 14 oz/A, 0.16 to 0.32 oz/sq ft.; REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Squash transplants only, while in greenhouse. Not for use on field or greenhouse grown crops.
dinotefuran (Venom): 1 to 4 dry oz/A foliar or 5 to 7.5 dry oz/A soil; PHI 1d foliar, 21d soil, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Do not apply to vegetables grown for seed.
flonicamid (Beleaf 50SG): 2.8 oz/A; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 9C. Suppression only.
flupyradifurone (Sivanto): 10.5 to 14 oz/A; PHI 1d foliar, PHI 21d soil, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group 4D. Foliar applications only.
gamma-cyhalothrin (Declare*): 1.54 oz/A; PHI 1d, REI 24h, Bee: H, Group 3A. Suppression only.
imidacloprid (Admire Pro): 7 to 10.5 oz/A soil; 0.44 fl oz/10,000 plants on seedling transplants in greenhouse; PHI 21d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4A. Planthouse applications only provide short-term protection. An additional field application must be made within 2 weeks following transplanting to provide continuous protection. Not for foliar applications.
insecticidal soap (M-Pede^OG): 1.25 to 2.5 oz/gal water; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: L. Spray to wet all infested plant surfaces. May require repeated applications. Use of a companion insecticide is recommended for enhanced and residual control.
Metarhizium anisopliae Strain F52 (Met 52 EC): 40 to 80 oz/100 gal (drench), 8 to 64 oz/A (foliar); PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L, Group UN.
petroleum oil (Suffoil X): 1 to 2 gal/100 gal water; PHI 0d, REI 4h, Bee: L. Apply as needed. For pumpkin and squash only.
pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0^OG): 4.5 to 17 oz/A; 0.25 to 0.50 oz/gal, 3 gal/1000 sq ft in greenhouse for backpack sprayers; PHI 0d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 3A.
pyriproxyfen (Knack): 8 to 10 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 7. Does not control adults. Apply when whiteflies reach economic threshold. Higher water volumes provide improved control.
sodium tetraborohydrate decahydrate (Prev-AM): 50 oz/100 gal; REI 12h, Bee: L, Group 25. Do not apply in midday sun or mix with copper, sulfur or oils.
spiromesifen (Oberon 2SC): 7 to 8.5 oz/A; PHI 7d, REI 12h, Bee: M, Group 23. Complete coverage is necessary; an adjuvant may be used to improve coverage and control. Effective against egg and nymphal stages.
thiamethoxam (Platinum): 5 to 11 oz/A; PHI 30d, REI 12h, Bee: H, Group 4. Systemic insecticide used as an in-furrow, banded, drench, or drip irrigation application to the seed/seedling root zone during or after planting/transplanting or shanked into root zone after transplanting or establishment.

Insect Control